ኣብ ዝሓለፈ ዓመት፣ ብምልካዊ ስርዓት ኢሳይያስ ኣብ ኤርትራ ምግሃስ ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ይፍጸም ከምዘሎ ኣብ መደመምታ ዝበጽሐ መርማሪ ኮምሽን ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ኣብ ኤርትራ፣ ገበናት ኣንጻር ሰብኣውነት ምፍጻሙን ዘይምፍጻሙን ንምጽራይ ብውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት ተልእኾኡ ንሓደ ዓመት ተናዊሑ መጽናዕቱ ኣብ ምቕጻል ድሕሪ ምጽንሑ፣ ሎሚ ረቡዕ 8 ሰነ 2016 ኣብ ጀኔቫ ኣብ ዘጋብኦ ጋዜጣዊ መግለጺ፣ ምልካዊ ስርዓት ኢሳይያስ ‘ገበናት ኣንጻር ሰብኣውነት ‘ Crimes Against Humanity ‘ ከምዝፈጸመ ብዘየማትእ ወሲኑ።

ኣቦ ወንበር ናይቲ መርማሪ ኮምሽን ኣብቲ ጋዜጣዊ መግለጺ፣ እቶም ምልካዊ ስርዓት ኢሳይያስ ዝፈጸሞም ገበናት ኣንጻር ሰብኣውነት፣ ጊላነት፣ ማእሰርቲ፣ ግዱድ ደሃይ ምጥፋእ፣ ምግፋዕ፣ ቅትለት፣ ጾታዊ ዓመጽን ካልኦት ኢሰብኣዊ ተግባራትን ከምዘጠቓልሉ ብሰፊሑ ኣገንዚቡ።

እቲ ብምልካዊ ስርዓት ኢሳይያስ ዝተፈጸመ ደረት ዘይብሉ ገበናት ኣንጻር ሰብኣውነት፣ ናብ ኣህጉራዊ ገበናዊ ቤትፍርዲ ዘ ሄግ ቀሪቡ ክፍረድ ‘ውን ኣሚሙ።

ክቡራት ሰማዕትና ምሉእ ትሕዝቶ ናይቲ ብ ኣቦወንበር መርማሪ ኮምሽን ውድብ ሕቡራት ኣብ ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ኤርትራ፣ ማይክ ስሚዝ፣ ሎሚ 8 ሰነ ኣብ ጀነቫ ዝቐረበ ጋዜጣዊ መግለጺ ከምዘለዎ ብትግርኛ ተርጕምና ነቕርበልኩም።

 

ጋዜጣዊ መግለጺ መርማሪ ኮምሽን ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት ኣብ ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ኤርትራ

ጀኔቫ 8 ሰነ 2016

ከመይ ተርፍዱ ዕዱማት ኣጋይሽ፣ ነቲ ሎሚ ዝተሓተመ ጸብጻብ መርማሪ ኮምሽን ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት ኣብ ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ኤርትራ ብዝምልከት ኣብ እንገብሮ ዘለና ጋዜጣዊ ዋዕላ ንምስታፍ ብምምጻእኩም ብጣዕሚ አመስግነኩም። ስመይ ማይክ ስሚዝ እዩ፣ ኣቦ ወንበር መርማሪ ኮምሽን ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት ኣብ ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ኤርትራ ከኣ ‘የ። ኣነ ሎሚ፣ ነቶም ኣብዚ ኣጋጣሚ ክርክቡ ዘይከኣሉ መሳርሕተይ፣ ኣባላት መርማሪ ኮምሽን ቪክተር ዳንክዋ (Victor Dankwa) ከምኡ ‘ውን ንሺላ ኪታሩት (Sheila B. Keetharuth)  ወኪለዮም ከምዘለኹ ከዘኻኽረኩም እፈቱ። ፈለማ ንጸብጻብና ብሕጽር ዝበለ መንገዲ ብምቕራብ፣ ቀጺለ፣ መድረኽ ንዝኾነ ክህልወኩም ዝኽእል ሕቶታት ክፉት ክገብሮ እየ።

እቲ ቅድሚ 12 ኣዋርሕ ዝቐረበ ጸብጻብ መርማሪ ኮምሽን ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት፣ ኣብ ኤርትራ ማእለያ ዘይብሎም ግህሰት ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ከምዝተፈጸሙ ሰኒዱ። ካብኡ ቀጺሉ፣ ቤትምኽሪ ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት፣ እቶም ዝተሰነዱ ጥሕሰታት ሰብኣዊ መሰላት፣ ኣብ ደረጃ ገበናት ኣንጻር ሰብኣውነት (crimes against humanity) ዝስርዑ ምዃኖምን ዘይምዃኖምን ኣጻሪና ክንውስን፣ ከምኡ ‘ውን፣        ንጉዳይ ተሓታትነት ክንምልከት ተወሳኺ ተልእኾ ሂቡና።

በዚ መሰረት፣ እዚ መጻረዪ ኮምሽን፣ ሰበስልጣን ኤርትራ ገበናት ኣንጻር ሰብኣውነት (crimes against humanity) ከምዝፈጸሙ ወሲኑ ‘ሎ። ኣብ ኤርትራ ጊላነት፣ ማእሰርቲ፣ ግዱድ ምጥፋእ ሃለዋት፣ ግፍዕን ስቅያትን፣ ጾታዊ ዓመጽ፣ ቅትለት፣ ከምኡ ‘ውን ካልኦት ኢሰብኣዊ ተግባራት፣ ከም ኣካል ናይቶም ካብ 1991 ንደሓር ንህዝቢ ኤርትራ ብምቍጽጻር ስልጣን ናይቶም መራሕቲ ንምንጋስ፣ ብዝተወደበ መንገዲ ዝተዘውተሩ ደረት ዝጠሓሱ ገበናት ተፈጺሞም።

እዚ መርማሪ ኮምሽን፣ እንተላይ ድሕሪ ‘ቲ  ኣብ ኤርትራ ከበድቲ ጥሕሰታት ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ከምእተፈጸሙ ዝደምደመ ጸብጻብ ምዝርግሑ ንዝተፈጸሙ ግህሰታት ብዘይሻራዊ መንገዲ ንኸጽንዖምን ፍትሓዊ ጸብጻብ ከቕርብን ኩሉ ዝከኣል ዘበለ ጻዕሪ ገይሩ እዩ። ሕማቕ ኣጋጣሚ ኮይኑ ግን፣ እንተላይ እቶም ድሮ ዝሰነድናዮም ጅምላዊ ግህሰታትት ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ገና ይቕጽሉ ኣለዉ። መብዛሕትኡ ግዜ ብሕቡእ ዝፍጸሙ ኮይኖም፣ ኣብ ውሽጢ ኤርትራ ኣብ ልዕሊ ዝርከቡ ዜጋታት ጥራይ ዘይኮነ፣ እንተላይ ኣብ ልዕሊ ‘ቶም ተሰዲዶም ኣብ ወጻኢ ዝነበሩ ኤርትራውያን ክቱር ፍርሒ ከስርጹ ድማ ይረኣዩ።
እቶም ምስ ወተሃደራዊ/ ሃገራዊ ኣገልግሎት ተኣሳሲሮም ዝተፈጸሙ ገበናት፣ 1ይ – ብሃውሪ ዝግበሩን ደረት ግዜ ዘይብሎምን ምዃኖም፣ 2ይ – እቶም ዝተዓስከሩ ዜጋታት ኣብ ግዱድ ዕዮ ዝዋፈሩ ምዃኖም፣ 3ይ – እቲ ኣገልግሎት ብኢሰብኣዊ ኣገባብ ዝካየድ ምዃኑ፣ 4ይ – ጾታዊ ዓመጽን ግፍዕን ምስቲ ኣገልግሎት ተኣሳሲሩ ዝፍጸም ምዃኑ፣ 5ይ – ኣብ ህይወት ስድራቤታትን ናጽነት ምርጫን ዘለዎም ኣዕናዊ ሳዕቤናት ዘጠቓለሉ እዮም። ብፍላይ ደቂ ኣንስትዮ ኣባላት ሃገራዊ ኣገልግሎት፣ ብቐጻሊ ከም ዘቤታውያን ከደምቲ እየን ዝቝጽራ። ነቶም ባዶ መብጻዓታት ገዲፍካ፣ መንግስቲ ኤርትራ፣ ነዞም ሽግራት እዚኣቶም ክፈትሕ ዝወሰዶ ዝኾነ ስጉምቲ የልቦን። በዚ ምኽንያት፣ እቲ ናይ ኤርትራ መደብ ኣብ ደረጃ ገበናት ኣንጻር ሰብኣውነት ከምስዝራዕ ኣብ መደምደምታ በጺሕና ኣለና።

እቲ ኣብ ኤርትራ ዝካየድ መደብ ወተሃደራዊ/ሃገራዊ ኣገልግሎት፣ ንኣብነት ከምቲ ኣብ ስዊዘርላንድ ዝካየድ፣ ንጹራት ቅጥዕታትን ግልጽናን ሃልዩዎ፣ ዜጋታት፣ ደቂ ተባዕትዮ ይኹኑ ደቂ ኣንስትዮ፣ ንሃገሮም ብኸመይ ከምዘገልግሉ ምርጫ የብሎምን። ካብቲ ናይ ወተሃደራዊ  ኣገልግሎት ግዴታ ዝፋነዉ ኤርትራውያን እንተደኣሃልዮም ‘ውን፣ ኣዝዮም ውሑዳት እዮም።

ኣብ ኤርትራ ብሃውሪ ዝካየድ ማእሰርቲ ግኑን ነይሩን ኣሎን። ንነቐፍቲ ናይቲ መንግስቲ ጥራይ ዝተሓዝአ ‘ውን ኣይኮነን። እቶም ዘዘራረብናዮም መሰኻኽር፣ መፍለይን መግለጽን ክትረኽበሎም ዘይከኣል፣ ኣበየናይ ክፍሊ ከምዝምደቡ ዘሸግሩ ማእሰርትታትን ዝተናውሑ ማሕዩራትን ከምዝፈጸሙ እዮም ዝገልጹ። ዝበዝሑ ካብቶም እሱራት ኣብ ቅድሚ ፈራዳይ ከምዘይቀረቡን ብዝኾነ ሕጋዊ መስርሕ ከምዘይተፈርዱን ሓቢሮም። ብተወሳኺ፣ እቲ መንግስቲ ንኣባላት ስድራቤት ይኹን ናይ ሕጊ ኣካላት ብዛዕባ ዝፍጽሞ ማእሰርቲ ሳሕቲ ጥራይ እዩ ዝሕብር። መብዛሕትኦም እሱራት ነበር ከኣ፣ ግፍዕን ስቅያትን ልሙድ ምዃኑ የረጋግጹ። ኣብ ዝሓለፈ ሰሙን ‘ኳ፣ እቶም ብ መወዳእታ ወርሒ ግንቦት ካብ ሱዳን ናብ ኤርትራ ዝተሰጎጉ ኤርትራውያን፣ ኤርትራ ኣብ ዝበጽሑሉ እዋን፣ ብኡ ንብኡ ከምዝተኣሰሩን፣ ስድራቤቶም ክረኽቡዎም ዕድል ከምዘይተዋህቦምን እዚ ኮምሽን ዘተኣማምን ሓበሬታ ረኺቡ ‘ሎ። ዘይወግዓዊ ሓበሬታ ዝረኸቡ ስድራቤታት ከምዝጠቕሱዎ፣ እቶም ቅድሚ ካብ ኤርትራ ምውጽኦም ኣባላት ሃገራዊ ኣገልግሎት ዝነበሩ ኣብ ከባቢ ኣስመራ ኣብ ዓዲ ኣቤቶ፣ እቶም ወተሃደራዊ ስልጠና ዘይወሰዱ ድማ፣ ኣብ ተሰነይን ሓሽፈራይን ካልኦት ቦታታትን ናብ ማእከላት ስልጠና ክሰጋገሩ ኣብ ተጠንቀቕ ኣለዉ። እዞም ኣብ ኤርትራ ዝርከቡ ገለ ስድራቤታት፣ ነዚ ናይ መቕረባኦም ሓበሬታ ብመንገዶም ዝረኸቡዎ ደኣምበር ብወግዒ ዝተዋህቦም ኣይኮነን፣ ነቶም እሱራት ቤተሰቦም ክበጽሑ ‘ውን ፍቓድ ኣይተዋህቦምን።

መርማሪ ኮምሽን ብተወሳኺ፣ እቲ ስርዓት ገበን ፈጺምኩም ተባሂሎም ናይ ዝጥርጠሩ ውልቀሰባት ስድራቤታት ብቐጻሊ ከምዝኣስር ተገንዚቡ። እዚ ገና ዝቕጽል ዘሎ ተግባር ንገዛእ ርእሱ ምስ ገበናት ኣንጻር ሰብኣውነት (crimes against humanity) ከምዝስራዕ ከኣ ኣብ መደምደምታ በጺሑ።

መንግስቲ ኤርትራ፣ ንኣርባዕተ ሃይማኖታዊ እምነታት ጥራይ እዩ ኣብታ ሃገር ክነጥፉ ብወግዒ ዘፍቅድ። ኣባላት ካልኦት ሃይማኖታዊ እምነታት፣ እምነቶም ወጊዞም ክሳብ ኣባልነት ናይተን ወግዓዊ ፍቓድ መንግስቲ ዘለወን ሃይማኖታዊ እምነታት ዝቕበሉ፣ ወትሩ ግዳይ ማእሰርቲ ምስ ኮኑ እዮም።  ኩናማን ዓፋርን ዝርከቡዎም ውሑዳን ብሄራት ‘ውን፣ ግዳያት ናይ ሃውሪ ማእሰርትን ዘይሕጋዊ ቅትለትን ኮይኖም እዮም። መርማሪ ኮምሽን፣ እዚ ገና ዝቕጽል ዘሎ ጥሩፍ ፈላላዪ ተግባር ምስ ዓመጽን ግፍዕን ከምዝስራዕ ተገንዚቡ። ጾታዊ ዓመጽን ቅትለትን ከምዝተፈጸመ ‘ውን ኣረጋጊጹ።

መርማሪ ኮምሽን፣ እቶም ዝሰነዶም ገበናት፣ ብቐጥታ ይኹን ብተዘዋዋሪ፣ ብመንግስቲ፣ ብሰበስልጣን ሰልፊ፣ ብወተሃደራዊ ኣዘዝቲ፣ ከምኡ ‘ውን ብ ቤትጽሕፈት ሃገራዊ ጸጥታ ከምዝተፈጸሙ ኣረጋጊጹ። እቲ ኮምሽን፣ ገበናት ከምዝፈጸሙ ዝጥርጠሩ ውልቀሰባት ኣለልዩ ኣሎ። ንቐጻሊ ስርዓተ ተሓታትነት ኣብ ምውዳድ ምእንቲ ክሕግዝ ከኣ፣ ነቲ ናይዞም ጥርጡራት ገበነኛታት ሰነድ፣ ንላዕለዋይ ኮምሽነር ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት ከረክቦ እዩ።

መርማሪ ኮምሽን ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት ብተወሳኺ፣ መንግስቲ ኤርትራ፣ ነቶም ሰኒድናዮም ዘለና ገበናት ብሕጋዊ መስርሕ ክፈርዶም ፖለቲካዊ ድሌት ይኹን ትካላዊ ዓቕሚ ከምዘይብሉ ደምዲሙ። ስለ ዝኾነ፣ ባይቶ ጸጥታ ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት፣ ነዚ ናይ ኤርትራ ኩነታት፣ ናብ ዓቃቢ ሕጊ ኣህጉራዊ ቤትፍርዲ ገበናት (International Criminal Court) ከተሓላልፎ፣ ሕብረት ኣፍሪቃ ‘ውን ናይ ተሓታትነት ስርዓት ክምስርት፣ መርማሪ ኮምሽን የተሓሳስብ።

መርማሪ ኮምሽን ኣስዒቡ፣ ኣባላት ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት ኣብ ግዝኣተን ንዘለዉ ገበነኛታት ናብ ፍርዲ ከቕርባ ወይ ድማ ናብ ዝፍረዱሉ ቦታ ከረክባኦም ይጽውዕ። እዞም ስርዓተ ተሓታትነታት እዚኣቶም ነንሕድሕዶም ዝነጻጸሉ ኣይኮኑን። ብተወሳኺ፣ ባይቶ ጸጥታ ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት፣ ኣብ ልዕሊ ‘ዞም ገበናት ኣንጻር ሰብኣውነት ከምዝፈጸሙ ተረቝሖም ዘለዉ ጥርጡራት ናይ መገሻ እገዳ ከጽንዕ፣ ንብረቶም ‘ውን ከደስክል መርማሪ ኮምሽን ለበዋኡ የቕርብ። ምስዚ ኣትሓሒዙ፣ መርማሪ ኮምሽን ኣብዚ ናይ ሎሚ ጸብጻብ ይኹን ናብ ፕረዚደንት ኢሳይያስ ኣፈወርቂ ኣብ ዝለኣኾ ደብዳበ፣ ከምዚኦም ዝኣመሰሉ ገበናት ንቐጻሊ ከይፍጸሙ ምክልኻል ክግበር ንኤርትራ ኣዘኻኺሩ። ነዚ ብዝምልከት፣ እዚ ኮምሽን ንመንግስቲ ኤርትራ 40 ለበዋታት ኣመሓላሊፉሉ ኣሎ። ለበዋታትና ዝርዝራዊ ኣይኮነን። ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ፍትሒ ምእንቲ ክረክብ፣ መርማሪ ኮምሽን፣ ምስ መንግስቲ ኤርትራ ተጻሚዱ ንምስራሕ ማዕጽኡ ከም ቀደሙ ርሑው እዩ።
መርማሪ ኮምሽን ውድብ ሕቡራት ሃገራት ኣብ ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ኤርትራ

ጀኔቫ፣

8 ሰነ 2016

ጋዜጣዊ ዋዕላ መርማሪ ኮምሽን ቪድዮ ንምርኣይ ኣብዚ ጠውቑ።

ጋዜጣዊ መግለጺ መርማሪ ኮምሽን ኣብ ሰብኣዊ መስላት ኤርትራ ብምልኡ ብእንግሊዝኛ ንምንባብ ቀጽሉ።

Geneva, 8 June 2016

Good morning and thank you all very much for coming to this briefing on today’s publication of the report of the UN Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in Eritrea. My name is Mike Smith, and I am the Chairperson of the Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in Eritrea. Today, I am also representing my fellow Commissioners, Victor Dankwa and Sheila B. Keetharuth, who are unable to be here. I will briefly present our report and then open the floor to any questions you may have.

The Commission’s first report, released 12 months ago, documented a multitude of human rights violations in Eritrea. The Human Rights Council has asked us to determine whether these violations might amount to crimes against humanity and to address the issue of accountability.

The Commission has concluded that Eritrean officials have committed crimes against humanity. Crimes of enslavement, imprisonment, enforced disappearances, torture, persecution, rape, murder and other inhumane acts – have been committed as part of a widespread and systematic campaign since 1991 aimed at maintaining control over the population and perpetuating the Eritrean leadership’s rule.
The Commission has made every effort to investigate the situation impartially and to report fairly, including with respect to serious human rights violations in Eritrea since the publication of the our first report. Unfortunately, the gross human rights violations we have documented are continuing to take place, they often happen behind closed doors and continue to instil fear in Eritreans, not only in the country but also in the diaspora.

The issues relating to Eritrea’s military/national service programmes include : i)  their arbitrary and indefinite duration; ii) the use of conscripts as forced labour, including manual labour; iii) the inhumane conditions of service; iv)  rape and torture often associated with service, and iv) their devastating impact on family life and freedom of choice. In addition, female conscripts are routinely subject to domestic servitude. Despite promises to the contrary, the Eritrean Government has taken no steps to address any of these problems. For these reasons, we have concluded that Eritrea’s programmes constitute crimes against humanity.

Eritrea’s military/national service programmes are not the same as, for example, in Switzerland where there are options about how a citizen can serve his or her country – where there are clear rules and full transparency. Very few Eritreans are ever released from their military service obligations.

The use of arbitrary detention is, and has been, rampant across Eritrea. It is not only reserved for critics of the Government. Indeed, many of the witnesses who we spoke to described arrest and lengthy detention for reasons difficult to discern or categorise. The vast majority of those detained said they had not been brought before a judge, tried or involved in any form of judicial proceeding whatsoever. In addition, the Government very rarely informs family members or judicial authorities about detentions, and most former detainees described widespread torture.  In the past week, the Commission has received corroborated information that Eritreans expelled from Sudan to Eritrea in late May have been arrested and detained upon arrival in Eritrea, and that their families have had no access to them. Family members able to obtain unofficial information said that those who were in the national service, prior to leaving the country, were detained at Adi Abeito prison on the outskirts of Asmara, and that those who had not yet undergone military training are currently detained elsewhere, including in Tessenei and Hashferay, apparently awaiting transfer to military training centers. Some family members in Eritrea were able to obtain information about detained individuals through informal means, and not because they were officially notified about the detentions or permitted to visit the detainees.

The Commission has also found that the Eritrean Government consistently arrests innocent family members of individuals alleged to have committed a wrong. The Commission has concluded that these acts also constitute crimes against humanity, and that they are ongoing.

The Government of Eritrea permits only four religious denominations to practice. Members of other religious denominations are often subject to detention until such time as they renounce their denomination and accept membership in an officially authorised group. Ethnic minorities, including the Kunama and Afar, have also been subject to arbitrary detention and extrajudicial killing. The Commission has found that this extreme discrimination constitutes persecution and that it is also ongoing. Rape and murder have also been committed

The Commission has found that the crimes it has documented have been committed primarily, directly or indirectly, by government and ruling party officials, military commanders, and members of the National Security Office. The Commission has identified individual suspects and will provide our files on those individuals to the High Commissioner for Human Rights to assist future accountability mechanisms.
The Commission has also concluded that the Eritrean Government has neither the political will nor the institutional capacity to prosecute the crimes we have documented. It recommends that the UN Security Council refer the situation in Eritrea to the prosecutor of the International Criminal Court and that the African Union establish an accountability mechanism.

It has also asked Member States to prosecute or extradite suspects on their territories. These accountability mechanisms are not mutually exclusive. It has also recommended that the Security Council impose travel bans and asset freezes on individuals suspected of crimes against humanity.
The Commission has also reminded Eritrea in today’s report and the cover letter sent to President Isaias Afwerki of the importance of preventing the commission of crimes going forward. It has made 40 recommendations to the Government of Eritrea. Our recommendations are not exhaustive. The Commission remains open to engagement with the government of Eritrea in order to provide justice for the Eritrean people.